Concept of Intercultural Communication and Comparative Characteristics of German and Ukrainian Cultures (Based on German Language Material)

The document reviewed attempts to confirm low-dose/hormetic effects in rodent endocrine toxicity studies and concluded that the failure to confirm such effects was largely due to a lack of understanding of confounding influences and the failure to confirm findings before publication. A major confounding factor identified was the variability of parameters within control groups, which becomes more significant when demonstrating weak low-dose effects. This was exemplified in studies with bisphenol A in the mouse uterotrophic assay and finasteride in the Hershberger antiandrogenicity assay, where the ability to demonstrate a low-dose effect depended on the use of concurrent or recent control values.