TLDR High flux X-ray beams quickly damage the structure of human hair.
The study investigated the effects of high flux X-ray synchrotron micro-beams on the structural integrity of human hair, focusing on the hierarchical organization of hard alpha-keratin. It was found that X-ray micro-beams could significantly disrupt the molecular architecture and organization of tissues within seconds of exposure. The damage occurred at three hierarchical levels: the conformation of keratin dimers, the organization of dimers within filaments, and the lateral organization of filaments within the matrix. The study highlighted the limitations of using synchrotron radiation for micro-diffraction experiments due to the rapid onset of structural disturbances, which complicates the interpretation of scattering data.
22 citations
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January 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Hair follicles form hard α-keratin filaments in four steps, showing structural differences.
66 citations
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June 2004 in “Biophysical Journal” Hard α-keratin in hair has a unique, nonordered structure, different from other fibers.
63 citations
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December 1998 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology” The study improved understanding of keratin fiber structure by showing consistent microfibril diameter but varying distances and electron density profiles.
30 citations
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April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
2 citations
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July 2023 in “Cosmetics” Surfactants in shampoos and conditioners remove some but not all lipids from hair, and more research is needed to understand their full impact.
7 citations
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January 2011 in “Biochemistry Research International” Hard α-keratin has a universal molecular structure with a specific superlattice arrangement.
13 citations
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May 2016 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Keratin's mechanical properties are influenced by hydrogen bonds and secondary structure, and can be improved with the SPD-2 peptide.
14 citations
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January 2012 in “Proteins” Electrostatic interactions mainly stabilize the binding of peptides to hair keratin.