Gremlin-1 Level in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Clinical Correlations: A Case Control Study

The study conducted at Kafrelsheikh University Hospital, Egypt, from September 2021 to February 2022, involved 90 subjects, 45 of whom were patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 45 were healthy controls. The study found that serum and follicular fluid Gremlin-1 levels were significantly higher in the patient group. The best cutoff of serum Gremlin-1 in the diagnosis of PCOS was ≥1.325ng/ml with an overall accuracy of 81.1%. The best cutoff of follicular fluid Gremlin-1 in the diagnosis of PCOS was ≥1.725ng/ml with an overall accuracy of 71.1%. The study concluded that there was a strong correlation between serum and follicular Gremlin-1 levels in PCOS patients.