TLDR Adding more zinc oxide nanoparticles increases sunblock SPF.
The study examined the effect of green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the sun protection factor (SPF) of sunblock lotion. ZnO NPs were synthesized using Lepidium sativum L., with a crystalline size of 26.78 nm and an agglomerated size of 64 nm. These nanoparticles were added to a commercial sunblock lotion at concentrations of 0%, 5.8%, and 11.1%. The results showed that increasing the concentration of ZnO NPs significantly enhanced the SPF, from 28.9 at 0% to 43 at 11.1%, indicating that ZnO NPs can effectively improve UV protection in sunblock lotions.
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