Global Sex Disparities in Lifetime Risk of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study, 1990 to 2021

    September 2025 in “ Biology of Sex Differences ”
    Jiachen Sun, Yuhao Li, Zhenzhen Ye … Wenhui Wang
    Studysummary This analysis found that females have a higher lifetime risk of alopecia areata across various regions and time periods, with increased risk associated with higher socio-demographic index levels.
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    Research cited in this study 12

    1. Burden of Alopecia Areata in China, 1990–2021: Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 Chinese Medical Journal · 2024
    2. The Burden of Alopecia Areata: A Scoping Review Focusing on Quality of Life, Mental Health, and Work Productivity Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2023
    3. Systematic Review of Psychological Interventions for Quality of Life, Mental Health, and Hair Growth in Alopecia Areata and Scarring Alopecia Journal of Clinical Medicine · 2023
    4. Integrated Safety Analysis of Baricitinib in Adults With Severe Alopecia Areata From Two Randomized Clinical Trials British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement · 2022
    5. Epidemiological Trends in Alopecia Areata at the Global, Regional, and National Levels Frontiers in immunology · 2022
    6. Effects of Chemical Straighteners on the Hair Shaft and Scalp Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia · 2022
    7. Alopecia Areata: An Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · 2021
    8. Hormonal Effects on Hair Follicles International journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    9. Association of Cicatricial Alopecia with Chemical Hair Straightening British Journal of Dermatology · 2019
    10. Cyclosporine for Moderate-to-Severe Alopecia Areata: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Efficacy and Safety Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2019
    11. Epidemiology and Burden of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · 2015
    12. Female Pattern Alopecia: Current Perspectives International Journal of Women's Health · 2013