Ginsenoside Rb1 Retards Aging Process by Regulating Cell Cycle, Apoptotic Pathway, and Metabolism of Aging Mice

The study demonstrated that ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) delayed the aging process in natural aging C57BL/6J mice through intragastrical administration every other day for 10 months. GRb1 treatment significantly mitigated aging symptoms such as body weight loss, hair loss, arterial wall thickening, and heart weight reduction. The anti-aging effects were linked to the regulation of the cell cycle, inhibition of apoptosis, and alleviation of metabolic disorders, particularly through the modulation of the p53-p21-Cdk2 axis and suppression of apoptosis-associated factors like Bax and Caspase-3. Metabolomics analysis identified changes in several metabolites, with glycerophospholipid metabolism being notably affected. The findings suggested that GRb1 could be a viable therapeutic strategy for slowing aging progression in humans.