Functional endoscopy techniques for tracking stem cell fate

The document discussed the importance of tracking and monitoring implanted stem cells to enhance the effectiveness and safety of stem cell therapy in precision medicine. It reviewed various imaging techniques, such as MRI, PET, bioluminescent imaging, fluorescence imaging, and SPECT, used for tracking stem cells in vivo in both rats and humans. The research focused on developing reporter genes and molecular probes for high-resolution imaging of cell biodistribution. Additionally, optical-based functional imaging techniques like photoacoustic imaging, optical coherence tomography, and multiphoton microscopy were integrated into small endoscopes for internal body imaging. The study highlighted the potential of endoscopic molecular imaging tools for future in vivo tracking of spatiotemporal changes in subclonal evolution at the single-cell level.