A Review of Exosomes in Regenerative Cosmetic Dermatology

Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by nearly all living cell types, play a crucial role in cellular communication by transporting cellular cargo like proteins, miRNA, nucleic acids, and various metabolites. Their role in cellular physiology is still being explored, but they have shown significant therapeutic and diagnostic potential due to their small size, high membrane permeability, and modifiability. They have been proven safe and effective in treating cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular illness, and orthopedic diseases. Recently, their role in cosmetic dermatology has become prominent, as they promote cellular regeneration. Research in cosmetic dermatology has demonstrated the potential of exosomes in skin rejuvenation, postprocedural care, dermal maintenance, hair restoration, photorejuvenation, daily maintenance, and antiaging. This paper focuses on the biological function, isolation methods, and therapeutic role of mesenchymal stem cell-and platelet-derived exosomes in cosmetic dermatology.