Diffuse Neurofibroma of the Scalp with Alopecia Areata as the Initial Presentation: A Case Report

    January 2014 in “ International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology ”
    Xiulian Xu, Xuebao Shao, Xuesi Zeng, Jianfang Sun
    TLDR A man with hair loss and a scalp lump was diagnosed with a diffuse neurofibroma but chose not to have surgery.
    A 42-year-old male patient presented with patchy hair loss and scalp swelling for over 2 years. Dermatological examination revealed a 10 cm x 8 cm mass on the left scalp with clear boundaries and hair loss on the surface. Histopathological analysis showed the tumor located in the deep dermis and subcutaneous fat, composed mainly of short spindle cells with characteristic Meissner-like structures and scattered mast cells. Immunohistochemistry indicated that 50% of tumor cells expressed S-100, leading to a diagnosis of diffuse neurofibroma. Due to the large area of scalp involvement, the patient declined surgical treatment and remained under follow-up.
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