The Triacylglycerol Synthesis Enzyme DGAT1 Also Catalyzes the Synthesis of Diacylglycerols, Waxes, and Retinyl Esters

The study demonstrated that the enzyme DGAT1, known for its role in triacylglycerol synthesis, also catalyzed the synthesis of diacylglycerols, waxes, and retinyl esters. Using in vitro assays and overexpression in insect and mammalian cells, researchers confirmed DGAT1's multiple acyltransferase activities. DGAT1-deficient mice showed reduced ARAT activity and increased unesterified retinol, indicating DGAT1's significant role in retinol metabolism and broader lipid metabolism processes. These findings suggested that DGAT1 could utilize various acyl acceptors, highlighting its multifunctional capabilities beyond triacylglycerol synthesis.