Cytotoxic And Antioxidant Effect Of The Ethanolic Extract Of Citrullus Colocynthis L. Plant Fruit

The study evaluated the antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of the ethanolic extract of Citrullus colocynthis fruits. The extract was found to be rich in polyphenols, with a content of 443.62 ± 2.13 µg EAG/mg. It demonstrated strong anti-free radical activity against DPPH (CI50 = 6.31 µg/ml) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (CI50 = 27.94 µg/ml), as well as good activity against the OH radical (IC50 = 67.13 µg/ml). The extract also reduced the number of cells in three cancer cell lines (HepG2, SH-SY5Y, and Raw 264.7) in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggested that Citrullus colocynthis had significant pharmacological potential for use in phytotherapy.