Calcified Epidermal Cyst on the Neck

The document discussed calcified epidermal cysts, which were rare benign entities first described in 1947. Histopathological examination showed these cysts as dermal structures filled with keratinous material and calcareous sediments, with a wall of thinned stratified squamous epithelium surrounded by fibrosis. The etiology was unclear, with theories suggesting either dystrophic calcification of inflamed epidermal cysts or idiopathic growths. Clinically, they presented as rock-hard white nodules, often with pruritus and sometimes secondary infection. Differential diagnoses included various cutaneous tumors and systemic diseases. Diagnosis relied on excisional biopsy and pathologic evaluation, while surgical excision was the preferred treatment to prevent recurrence.