Physical and Mechanical Cues Affecting Biomaterial-Mediated Plasmid DNA Delivery: Insights Into Non-Viral Delivery Systems

The document reviewed advancements in non-viral gene delivery systems, focusing on biomaterial-mediated plasmid DNA delivery. It highlighted the role of biomaterials, such as 3D culture systems and hydrogels, in improving transfection rates and reducing cytotoxicity by enhancing DNA uptake and modulating cellular interactions. The review discussed various strategies, including the use of different endocytic pathways and the impact of 2D and 3D biomaterials, to enhance gene delivery. It emphasized the importance of physical and mechanical cues, such as biomaterial stiffness and mechanical loading, in influencing transfection efficiency. The study noted the potential of combining biomaterials with gene therapy to create tailored non-viral delivery systems, while acknowledging the need for further research to optimize these systems and understand the underlying mechanisms.