Biomedical Applications of Bee Venom: A Natural Approach to Cancer, Infections, and Inflammatory Diseases

Bee venom, particularly from the Apis mellifera species, shows significant therapeutic potential due to its complex composition, including melittin, which exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective effects. It has demonstrated potential in treating various conditions such as cancer, infections, inflammatory diseases, and hair loss, including androgenetic alopecia, by promoting hair growth without the side effects of current drugs. However, challenges in standardizing venom composition and ensuring safe dosing highlight the need for further clinical validation. Nanoparticle-based delivery systems are being explored to enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing side effects. Overall, bee venom represents a potent natural therapeutic agent with diverse biomedical applications.