Bacteria Induce Skin Regeneration Via IL-1β Signaling

    January 2020 in “ Social Science Research Network ”
    Gaofeng Wang, Haiyun Liu, Evan Sweren, Eric M. Wier, Martin P. Alphonse, Nasif Islam, Ang Li, Yingchao Xue, Sam Lee, Yu Wang, Nathan K. Archer, Zhiqi Hu, Elizabeth A. Grice, Lloyd S. Miller, Luis A. Garza
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    TLDR Skin bacteria help in skin regeneration and wound healing, with a specific signal called IL-1β playing a crucial role.
    The study conducted by researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the University of Pennsylvania in 2019 found that skin bacteria play a role in skin regeneration and wound-induced hair follicle neogenesis (WIHN). The researchers observed varying levels of bacterial burden in wound healing and WIHN, with the lowest levels in germ-free environments, intermediate levels in specific pathogen-free conditions, and the highest levels in mice infected with pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus. The study identified IL-1β and keratinocyte-dependent IL-1R-MyD88 signaling as necessary for bacteria to promote regeneration. In a small clinical trial, it was found that a topical broad-spectrum antibiotic slowed skin wound healing. This suggests that IL-1β controls morphogenesis and challenges the conventional belief that infection inhibits regeneration and small wounds need to be fully sterile.
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