Longitudinal Assessment of the Prevalence of Actinic Keratosis and Extensive Risk Factor Evaluation: An Update from the Rotterdam Study

The Rotterdam Study, involving 8,239 participants aged 40 and above, assessed the prevalence and risk factors of actinic keratosis (AK). The prevalence was 21.1%, higher in men, and increased with age. Risk factors included male sex, lighter hair and eye color, baldness, genetic risk score, and digital photoaging measures. Surprisingly, cigarette smokers had reduced odds of having AK. The study found no significant difference in AK presence during follow-up between treated and untreated participants, with AK severity likely to decrease over time regardless of treatment. The study emphasizes the importance of genetic and phenotypic factors in AK prevalence and progression.