Alopecia Areata: A Review

    January 2026 in “ International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science ”
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    Studysummary This review outlines the existing understanding of alopecia areata, detailing its autoimmune nature, clinical presentation, histology, and management strategies, with corticosteroids highlighted as the most popular treatment option.
    Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer
    Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition causing nonscarring hair loss, primarily affecting the scalp with solitary or multiple patches. The exact etiology and pathogenesis remain unknown, but histopathology shows increased telogen follicles and inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrate in the peribulbar region. Corticosteroids are the most commonly used treatment. This review details the mechanisms, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of AA.
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