September 2025 in “BioMed” In this case report and literature review, researchers observed that black hairy tongue syndrome can be improved by dietary restrictions and local care, identifying factors like antibiotics, malignancies, and certain medications as common triggers, with resolution achieved by eliminating these factors when possible.
18 citations
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December 2010 in “Transplantation Proceedings” This study reported that black hairy tongue can occur after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and may indicate cutaneous graft-versus-host disease, highlighting the need for histopathologic evaluation.
7 citations
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September 1962 in “Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology” This study reported that black hairy tongue was rapidly resolved with topical triamcinolone acetonide, suggesting further trials for its treatment are warranted.
November 2012 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” An 86-year-old man had a rare tongue melanoma but refused treatment, showing the need for early cancer detection and treatment.
3 citations
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October 2021 in “Cureus” This review discusses yellow hair discoloration associated with smoking and systemic conditions, proposing smoking cessation or hair removal as management options, but provides no new clinical results.