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Collagen XVIII and Bmx tyrosine kinase are important for hair growth and skin cancer development.

This article describes the development milestones and recent approvals of ritlecitinib for treating severe alopecia areata, with approvals in the USA and Japan and ongoing regulatory reviews in other regions.

ITK inhibitors may effectively treat alopecia areata.

This review discusses the complex role of immune disturbances and the JAK-STAT pathway in alopecia areata, noting the success of JAK inhibitors in treatment, while highlighting ongoing debates and challenges in targeting other pathways like IL-17 and TNF-α.

In this study, ritlecitinib, an oral medication approved for adolescents and adults, significantly reduced scalp hair loss and promoted eyebrow and eyelash regrowth in severe alopecia areata patients, with benefits sustained over 48 weeks and generally well-tolerated minor side effects.