Vitiligo And Alopecia Areata After Donor Lymphocyte Infusions In A Child With Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia

January 2024 in “ Cureus ”

Fan-Yu Liao, Yi-Lun Wang, Yu‐Chuan Wen, Chia-Chi Chiu, Tsung‐Yen Chang, Tang‐Her Jaing

alopecia areata vitiligo donor lymphocyte infusions hematopoietic cell transplantation chronic graft-versus-host disease melanocytes

TLDR Donor lymphocyte infusions effectively treated leukemia relapse but caused vitiligo and alopecia areata.

In a case study of a child with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) were used following a hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) to achieve molecular remission. Despite the success in eradicating leukemia, the patient developed vitiligo and alopecia areata, conditions rarely associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). These autoimmune reactions, confirmed by a dermatologist, were linked to the destruction of melanocytes. The patient remained in clinical and molecular remission for five years post-DLI, demonstrating the effectiveness of DLI in treating AML relapse, albeit with the side effect of developing vitiligo and alopecia areata.

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Research cited in this study

2 / 2 results

High Frequency of Cutaneous Manifestations Including Vitiligo and Alopecia Areata in a Prospective Cohort of Patients with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease

research High Frequency of Cutaneous Manifestations Including Vitiligo and Alopecia Areata in a Prospective Cohort of Patients with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease

17 citations , June 2016 in “Croatian Medical Journal”

Patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease often have skin problems like vitiligo and alopecia areata.

research Risk Factors and Characterization of Vitiligo and Alopecia Areata in Patients With Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease

27 citations , September 2014 in “JAMA dermatology”

Female donor to male recipient sex mismatch and positive ACA-IgG are key risk factors for vitiligo and alopecia areata in chronic GvHD patients.

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