Polysaccharide, Conjugate, and mRNA-Based Vaccines Are Immunogenic in Patients with Netherton Syndrome

    October 2024 in “ Journal of Clinical Immunology ”
    Anouk E. M. Nouwen, Luca M. Zaeck, Renske Schappin, Daryl Geers, Lennert Gommers, Susanne Bogers, Willem A. Dik, Suzanne G.M.A. Pasmans, Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel, Rory D. de Vries, Virgil A. S. H. Dalm
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    Studysummary This study observed that adult Netherton syndrome patients showed a range of normal to diminished immune responses to polysaccharide, conjugate, and mRNA-based vaccines, with responses generally overlapping those of healthy controls, suggesting no consistent B- or T-cell immunodeficiency in this population.
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    In a study involving eight adult patients with Netherton syndrome (NS), researchers evaluated immune responses to polysaccharide, conjugate, and mRNA-based vaccines to investigate potential B- and/or T-cell immunodeficiency. The study found that immune responses to the conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine were normal in 7 out of 7 patients, while responses to the polysaccharide Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine were absent in 1, diminished in 2, and normal in 4 patients. After receiving an mRNA-based COVID-19 booster, NS patients exhibited SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels comparable to controls, with detectable CD4+ T-cell responses in all patients but CD8+ T-cell responses in only 2 out of 6 patients. Overall, the vaccine-induced immune responses in NS patients showed a range of responsiveness similar to that of healthy controls, indicating no significant B- and/or T-cell immunodeficiency.
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