Characterization Of Skin Signs And Appendages In Children Under 5 Years With Severe Malnutrition

    April 2025 in “ Revista Digital de Postgrado ”
    María Gabriela González
    TLDR Severe malnutrition in young children causes various skin and nail issues, mainly pigmentation changes and extreme thinness.
    The study conducted at the Hospital Militar Universitario “Dr. Carlos Arvelo” evaluated skin and nail signs in 28 children under 5 years with severe malnutrition. The majority of participants were male (64.28%) and aged between 1 and 24 months, with an average age of 9.21 months. Common skin manifestations included changes in pigmentation (31.48%) and extreme thinness (16.66%). Other observed conditions were ichthyosis (7.40%), pityriasis alba (18.51%), angular cheilitis (9.25%), perifollicular dermatitis (5.55%), skin scaling (7.40%), and mucosal skin pallor (3.70%). Hair was predominantly dry, fine, and brittle (37.93%), with telogen effluvium occurring in 27.58% of cases. Fragile nails were present in 46.43% of the children, and thin nails in 32.14%. The study concludes that nutritional deficiencies lead to diverse skin manifestations, with pigmentation changes and extreme thinness being the most common signs.
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