Skin Microbiome and Dermatitis: Focusing on Two Distinct Skin Diseases, Atopic Dermatitis and Androgenetic Alopecia

The document discusses the role of skin microbiome dysbiosis in atopic dermatitis (AD) and androgenetic alopecia (AGA). In AD, reduced microbial diversity and dominance of Staphylococcus aureus and Malassezia exacerbate symptoms, but as symptoms improve, diversity increases and colonization by exacerbators decreases. Malassezia can be both harmful and beneficial, depending on the environment. In AGA, the altered scalp sebum composition, with higher triglyceride content, leads to increased Malassezia colonization and dysbiosis, where Cutibacterium is replaced by Corynebacterium, contributing to inflammation and hair loss. The review highlights the importance of understanding microbial interactions and sebum composition in managing these conditions.