Platelet-Rich Plasma and Its Derivatives for Tissue Engineering

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biological product used in tissue engineering to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. It can form a platelet gel when combined with thrombin and/or calcium salts, but is more often used with biomaterial and cells for various applications. PRP has been used in dermatology for hair follicle regeneration and wound healing, in orthopaedics for bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament repair, and in dentistry for procedures including dental implants. The PRP isolation technique is continuously evolving to increase its therapeutic effect. PRP can replace foetal bovine serum and human serum in primary cell culture, particularly for cell therapy. PRP derivatives like platelet lysate, platelet-derived growth factors, and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles are also used in the tissue engineering field.