Phytochemicals of Alpinia Zerumbet: A Review

The review on Alpinia zerumbet highlights its diverse phytochemical composition and pharmacological properties, with over 100 compounds identified across its leaves, rhizomes, fruits, seeds, and flowers. Key compounds include kavalactones, flavonoids, terpenoids, and essential oils, contributing to its medicinal uses such as antihypertensive, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. The plant's essential oils and extracts show potential in inhibiting HIV-1 integrase, extending the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and protecting against endothelial damage and oxidative stress. Additionally, Alpinia zerumbet exhibits anti-nociceptive, antipyretic, and antidepressant-like effects, with potential applications in managing atherosclerosis and promoting hair growth. The review emphasizes the need for further research, particularly on the fruit parts, to fully understand the plant's medicinal potential.