Expanding the Cutaneous Spectrum of Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome: Eczema and Generalized Hair Loss

This case study of a four-year-old girl with Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (NBS) reveals severe atopic dermatitis and diffuse non-scarring alopecia as under-recognized manifestations of the condition. The findings suggest that SMARCA2-related chromatin-remodeling defects may impair epidermal barrier integrity and hair-follicle cycling, leading to inflammatory skin disease and progressive hair loss. The study emphasizes the importance of early dermatologic evaluation, aggressive barrier-focused therapy, and the potential need for systemic treatments to improve quality of life. As this is a single case, the findings are preliminary and highlight the need for further research through prospective, genotype-linked dermatology registries to better understand the prevalence and management of eczema and alopecia in NBS.