Mycobacteriosis in a Pet Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) Caused by Mycobacterium Xenopi: A Case Report on Neglected Risk of Zoonotic Transmission

This case report describes a pet ferret diagnosed with mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium xenopi, highlighting its zoonotic potential. The ferret exhibited symptoms such as weight loss, apathy, hyporexia, and hair loss, and diagnostic tests revealed splenomegaly, liver cysts, and numerous acid-fast bacilli. Despite treatment, the ferret's condition deteriorated, leading to euthanasia. Necropsy showed generalized granulomatous inflammation with numerous acid-fast bacteria identified as M. xenopi. The study is the first to report antimicrobial susceptibility testing of M. xenopi in veterinary medicine, noting resistance to doxycycline. It underscores the importance of early detection and provides diagnostic guidelines, emphasizing the need for awareness of zoonotic threats.