Molecular stratification of the human fetal vaginal epithelium by spatial transcriptome analysis

This study conducts a spatial transcriptomic analysis of the human fetal vaginal epithelium, categorizing it into four distinct zones based on transcriptomic profiles and anatomical features. Unique transcriptomic signatures and differentially expressed genes are identified, with a focus on the varied expression of keratin (<i>KRT</i>) genes, suggesting a differentiation trajectory from the basal to the superficial layer. The basal zone is found to be enriched with biological processes and latent stem cell markers, indicating its active state. These findings enhance the understanding of vaginal epithelial cells and have potential applications in vaginal reconstruction and drug delivery, contributing valuable insights for women's health and reproductive medicine.