Microfluidic Technology for the Generation of Cell Spheroids and Their Applications

The document reviewed advancements in microfluidic technology for generating cell spheroids, emphasizing their applications in tissue engineering, drug screening, and organ-on-chip models. It highlighted the transition from 2D to 3D cell cultures, with microfluidic platforms offering efficient, high-throughput production of uniform multicellular spheroids (MCS) that mimic in-vivo conditions. The review discussed various methods, including single-phase and multi-phase microfluidics, and scaffold-free approaches, noting their potential for scalable and programmable 3D cell culture and artificial organ development. Despite the promise of microfluidics, further optimization was necessary to better mimic in-vivo environments and ensure that microfluidic tools did not alter cellular behavior. The integration of biomaterials, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), and organoids with microfluidic systems was seen as crucial for advancing personalized medicine and cellular therapeutics.