Role of Metformin in Acanthosis Nigricans

January 2026 in “ International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences ”

Aya El Desouky El Sayed Sakr, Nesrin S. Gomaa, Gamal Mohamed El Maghraby, Nashwa Naeem El Far

acanthosis nigricans insulin resistance hyperpigmented plaques insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors keratinocytes fibroblasts metformin

TLDR Metformin may improve acanthosis nigricans by reducing insulin resistance.

Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a skin disorder linked to insulin resistance, characterized by hyperpigmented plaques in areas like the axilla, groin, and neck. The condition is associated with high fasting insulin levels, which lead to increased binding to insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF-1Rs) on keratinocytes and fibroblasts, causing cell proliferation and visible skin changes. Elevated insulin also raises free IGF-1 levels, further promoting keratinocyte proliferation. While there is no cure for AN, addressing insulin resistance may improve skin appearance. Metformin, known for its insulin-sensitizing effects, shows potential in enhancing AN by targeting its underlying cause.

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