Cutaneous Melanoma, Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing and the Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: A Prospective Analysis of the 45 and Up Study

The study analyzed data from the 45 and Up Study in Australia, involving 96,548 men, to investigate the link between cutaneous melanoma and the risk of subsequent prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis. It found that men diagnosed with melanoma had a 32% higher risk of being diagnosed with PC compared to those without melanoma, after adjusting for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and healthcare utilization. The study also noted a potential increased risk for men with multiple melanomas or those diagnosed with melanoma 10 to 15 years before the study. However, the possibility of residual confounding due to increased medical surveillance after melanoma diagnoses could not be entirely excluded.