Hair Diseases (Alopecia Areata and Androgenetic Alopecia)
January 2010
TLDR Alopecia areata, a type of hair loss, may be passed through T cells and has genetic links, while treatments vary in effectiveness. Male pattern baldness can be treated with finasteride and is influenced by androgens in hair follicles.
The 2009 document discussed alopecia areata, a type of hair loss, and its potential transfer via T lymphocytes to human scalp explants on SCID mice. It also explored the genetic basis of alopecia areata, noting HLA associations with different forms of the condition. Various treatments, including topical minoxidil, oral pulse prednisolone therapy, and systemic cyclosporine, were mentioned, but their efficacy varied and some had side effects. The document also discussed androgenetic alopecia, or male pattern baldness, its treatment with finasteride, and the role of androgens and androgen receptors in hair follicles.
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Cited in this study
research Reversal of androgenetic alopecia by topical ketoconzole: Relevance of anti-androgenic activity
Ketoconazole lotion can improve hair regrowth for some people with androgenetic alopecia.
research Finasteride Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss
Finasteride with oral contraceptive helps improve hair loss in premenopausal women.
research Alefacept for Alopecia Areata
Alefacept showed some effectiveness for alopecia areata but needs more research.
research Management of Hair Loss
Minoxidil and finasteride are effective for male hair loss, minoxidil for female hair loss, and various treatments like corticosteroids work for alopecia areata; treatment should be tailored to the individual.
research Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata
The 2003 guidelines suggest that while some treatments can regrow hair in alopecia areata, none alter the disease's progression, and wigs may be the best option for extensive hair loss.
research Androgen‐inducible TGF‐β1 from balding dermal papilla cells inhibits epithelial cell growth: a clue to understanding paradoxical effects of androgen on human hair growth
Androgens may cause hair loss by increasing TGF-beta1 from scalp cells, which inhibits hair cell growth.
research Minoxidil-Induced Hair Growth is Mediated by Adenosine in Cultured Dermal Papilla Cells: Possible Involvement of Sulfonylurea Receptor 2B as a Target of Minoxidil
Minoxidil boosts hair growth by targeting adenosine and possibly sulfonylurea receptor 2B.
research The Hair Follicle: A Paradoxical Androgen Target Organ
Androgens can both promote and prevent hair growth due to differences in gene expression in hair follicles.
research Treatment of Hair Loss
Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair loss, but continued research is needed for better treatments.
research Experimental Induction of Alopecia Areata-Like Hair Loss in C3H/HeJ Mice Using Full-Thickness Skin Grafts
Skin grafts on mice can cause an immune response leading to hair loss, useful for studying human hair loss conditions.
research Balding hair follicle dermal papilla cells contain higher levels of androgen receptors than those from non-balding scalp
Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.
research Beneficial effect of spironolactone on androgenic alopecia
Spironolactone may help reduce hair loss in androgenic alopecia.
research Systemic Steroids With or Without 2% Topical Minoxidil in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Steroids help hair regrowth, and minoxidil slows post-steroid hair loss, but effects are temporary.
research Cultured dermal papilla cells from androgen-dependent human hair follicles (e.g. beard) contain more androgen receptors than those from non-balding areas of scalp
Beard hair follicles have more androgen receptors than non-balding scalp hair follicles.
research Effects of Finasteride (MK-906), a 5α-Reductase Inhibitor, on Circulating Androgens in Male Volunteers*
Finasteride safely lowers DHT levels without affecting testosterone.
research Double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of topical minoxidil in extensive alopecia areata
Minoxidil helps hair growth in 63.6% of alopecia patients, with 27.3% having excellent results.
research Topical minoxidil solution (1% and 5%) in the treatment of alopecia areata
Minoxidil solution helps hair regrowth in alopecia areata, with 5% being more effective.
research Topical photochemotherapy for alopecia areata
Topical PUVA can cause temporary hair regrowth in some alopecia areata patients but doesn't change the long-term outcome.
research Classification of the types of androgenetic alopecia (common baldness) occurring in the female sex
Common baldness, also known as Androgenetic Alopecia, is caused by a combination of genetic factors and hormones called androgens.
Related
research 18883 Androgenetic alopecia pattern hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata treated with oral JAK inhibitors
Oral JAK inhibitors help regrow hair in alopecia patients.
research Congenital alopecia areata
Some babies are born with alopecia areata, and a treatment with clobetasol propionate can regrow hair in half of the cases.
research Alopecia in women.
Hair loss in women can be due to abnormal hair growth cycles or damaged hair follicles, with the most common type being androgenetic alopecia; treatment varies by cause, and the psychological impact is significant.
research Treatments for Androgenetic Alopecia and Alopecia Areata
Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss; more research needed for other options.
research Chapter 20. Pathogenesis and Treatment of Alopecias
Hair loss from alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia can be treated, but more effective and safer treatments are needed.