Forehead Lifting: State of the Art
January 2011
in “
Facial Plastic Surgery
”
forehead lifting anatomy aesthetics patient evaluation surgical techniques complications nonsurgical options forehead layers scalp layers blood supply innervation musculature temporal branch of the facial nerve aging process brow positions skin type ptosis hairline brow position lid position symmetry bony contours medical history ophthalmology evaluation direct approach coronal approach mid-forehead approach endoscopic approach trans-blepharoplasty nonsurgical adjuncts forehead lift brow lift endoscopic brow lift trans-blepharoplasty brow lift
TLDR Forehead lifting can restore a youthful look and improve brow aesthetics using various surgical and nonsurgical methods.
The review on forehead lifting aimed to restore a youthful appearance and improve brow aesthetics by discussing anatomy, patient evaluation, surgical approaches, complications, and nonsurgical adjuncts. It covered the layers of the forehead and scalp, blood supply, innervation, musculature, and the temporal branch of the facial nerve. The aging process and ideal brow positions for both genders were described. Key patient evaluation aspects included skin type, ptosis, hairline, brow and lid position, symmetry, and bony contours, along with relevant medical history and the need for ophthalmology evaluation. Various surgical techniques such as direct, coronal, mid-forehead, endoscopic, and trans-blepharoplasty were reviewed, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. The article concluded with a discussion on potential complications and nonsurgical adjuncts.
