Facial Feminization Surgery: Effectiveness, Process Optimization, and Complications

The study on Facial Feminization Surgery (FFS) reviewed 105 patients aged 18 to 65 who underwent 151 major and 161 minor FFS procedures between 2003 and 2015. The procedures aimed to create a more feminine appearance, particularly for transgender males and individuals desiring softer facial features. Results showed significant feminization or softening of appearance post-operation, with a high satisfaction rate. Common procedures included supraorbital bossing reduction, lower jaw reduction, and rhinoplasties. Complications were minimal, with no cases of acute sinusitis, meningitis, or major nerve damage. The most frequent side effect was scar widening/hair loss on the scalp, occurring in 10% of patients, which was best managed with hair transplants. The study concluded that FFS procedures are effective and safe, recommending a single procedure approach for better control.