Exosome-Based Cell Therapy for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Present and Prospect

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a severe complication of diabetes, posing significant health risks and financial burdens. Current treatments are challenging, prompting the exploration of cell-free therapies like exosomes. Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication and have shown potential in promoting anti-inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, migration, and collagen deposition, all beneficial for diabetic wound healing. This review discusses the role of exosomes from various cellular sources in wound healing, the challenges of clinical application, and the potential of exosomes and their mimetic vesicles for future therapeutic use.