Changes in Elemental Composition of Gray and Dark Brown Hair Treated with Permanent Hair Dye

The study investigated the morphological and elemental changes in gray and black-brown hair after treatment with a permanent hair dye. Using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, researchers observed spongy-type holes on the dye mixture's surface and identified its elemental composition as C, O, N, and S. Initially, gray hair had a lower sulfur content (3.32%) compared to black-brown hair (4.40%). Post-dyeing, sulfur content decreased in both hair types, indicating a compositional change due to the dyeing process.