The Use of Dermoscopy in a Case of Nevus Sebaceous Misdiagnosed and Treated as Cicatricial Alopecia

In the document, a case of nevus sebaceous misdiagnosed as cicatricial alopecia is presented. A 12-year-old male patient had been experiencing hair loss for two years following a posttraumatic event on his scalp. Despite being treated for cicatricial alopecia by various dermatologists, there was no improvement. Dermatologic examination revealed an irregular, partly warty area with a yellow/orange hue and alopecia on his left temporoparietal region. The initial diagnoses considered were nevus sebaceous and posttraumatic cicatricial alopecia. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of nevus sebaceous, which was further supported by dermoscopic findings of yellowish lobules and a few thin hairs. This case emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis through follow-ups and dermoscopic examination, as nevus sebaceous can be mistaken for other conditions due to its varied presentation.