Primary Cutaneous Aspergillosis Mimicking Dermatophytosis

The document reported a case of primary cutaneous aspergillosis in a child with acute monocytic leukemia, where the infection mimicked dermatophytosis. A skin biopsy revealed mycelia within a hair follicle and a granulomatous dermal inflammatory infiltrate, initially suggesting an invasive dermatophyte infection. However, culture identified Aspergillus flavus as the causative agent. This case highlighted the importance of accurate identification of fungal pathogens in immunocompromised patients, as histological features can be misleading. Culture was emphasized as the most reliable method for identifying pathogenic fungi to ensure appropriate treatment.