Transplantation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Effectively Promotes Intestine Regeneration to Eliminate Endotoxemia and Reduce Mortality in the Animal Model of Acute Liver Failure

The study demonstrated that transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) effectively promoted intestine regeneration, eliminated endotoxemia, and reduced mortality in a rat model of acute liver failure. BMSCs were shown to migrate to sites of intestinal injury, leading to significant decreases in mortality and repair of intestinal damage. Proteomic analysis revealed that BMSCs reversed the elevated levels of diamine oxidase, endotoxin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha observed in the model animals. Additionally, BMSCs exhibited intestinal epithelial differentiation in vitro, which was inhibited by blocking the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggested that BMSCs could be a potential therapeutic approach for managing endotoxemia associated with liver failure.