Deciphering the Influence of Bacillus Subtilis Strain Ydj3 Colonization on the Vitamin C Contents and Rhizosphere Microbiomes of Sweet Peppers

The study found that Bacillus subtilis strain Ydj3 significantly improved sweet pepper growth and quality by enhancing seed germination rates, seedling vigor, and fruit production, including an increase in vitamin C content. The strain's chemotactic response to root exudates allowed it to colonize the roots, promoting root hair growth and altering root architecture, which likely improved nutrient absorption. Additionally, the treatment shifted the rhizosphere bacterial community, increasing Bacillus species abundance. These results suggested that B. subtilis Ydj3 could be used as a bioagent for sustainable sweet pepper production.