Aesthetic Considerations in Secondary Procedures for Gender Reassignment

In 2000, a study evaluated the outcomes of 32 secondary aesthetic procedures performed on 22 male-to-female gender reassignment patients. These procedures included various facial surgeries and body contouring, as well as laryngeal surgery and hormone therapy. The study found a high satisfaction rate among patients, with only one minor complication and one major psychological depressive episode reported. The average cost was $9,500 per patient, with an average of $4,700 charged per procedure. The study concluded that these secondary surgeries not only benefit transgender patients by aligning their physical features with their gender identity but also contribute to the advancement of aesthetic surgery techniques for the general population. However, the study also highlighted the importance of addressing potential psychological and emotional issues in this patient group.