Microbes, Ferments and Moulds

This narrative review discusses various microbes associated with fermentation and diseases in plants, animals, and humans, reporting no new research results.

This document reviews various types of microbes, their roles in fermentation and diseases, and strategies for protection against microbial infections, but presents no new research findings.

This study found that certain non-dermatophytic moulds, specifically *Absidia* sp., *Cladosporium tenuissimum*, and *Aspergillus welwitschiae*, can cause skin symptoms such as discoloration and lesions in albino mice, suggesting potential virulence due to enzyme activity.

In this study, non-dermatophyte moulds, particularly Aspergillus and Penicillium species, were phenotypically characterized in dogs and cats with suspected mycotic dermatitis, revealing their potential role in dermatological disorders among companion animals and emphasizing the importance of conventional mycological identification techniques.

This study found that wild and ancient maize genotypes host endophytes that can suppress fungal pathogens and aid in nutrient acquisition, supporting their potential role in plant growth and resilience.