March 2024 in “BMC women's health” The levonorgestrel implant increases free testosterone and lowers SHBG more than DMPA-IM and the copper IUD.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “PLoS ONE” Both injectable contraceptives lower testosterone and SHBG levels, with NET-EN having a greater effect than DMPA-IM.
27 citations
,
January 2018 in “Curēus” Subcutaneous contraceptives can cause side effects like menstrual changes, headaches, weight gain, and pain at the implant site.
3 citations
,
December 1997 in “Pediatric Clinics of North America” Pediatricians should advise sexually active teens on safe sex and STD prevention, and discuss contraceptive options and their side effects.
21 citations
,
July 2014 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Hormonal contraceptives can help treat acne by affecting sebum production and androgen levels.