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In vivo using the C3H mouse model, this study observed that BST2 expression occurs before hair loss in alopecia areata and is followed by an increase in epidermal γδ T cell numbers.

In this study, researchers observed elevated levels of epidermal γδ T cells, keratinocytes, and an upregulation of the BST2 gene among immune cells in C3H/HeJ mice with alopecia areata, suggesting a potential role in disease pathogenesis.

This study found that in alopecia areata, epidermal γδ T cells and macrophages contribute to the disease alongside CD8 T cells, with the expression of BST2 marking interferon-driven immune activation in both mouse and human skin, which decreases following treatment with the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib.

In this study, researchers found that BST2 expression is significantly upregulated in skin sections of mice with alopecia areata, implicating BST2's role in the disease pathogenesis through the action of epidermal γδ T cells and macrophages.

This study found that adding inositol or biotin to a pig's diet without sulfathalidine had no effect on growth or feed efficiency, but both helped alleviate deficiency symptoms caused by sulfathalidine.