Very-Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetases

The document explored the role of very-long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSVLs) in fatty acid metabolism, emphasizing their function in degrading very-long-chain fatty acids through peroxisomal β-oxidation. It detailed the discovery and characterization of ACSVL enzymes, noting their tissue-specific expression and substrate specificities, such as ACSVL1's role in liver and kidney. The study also examined the function of fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs), particularly FATP1, which was highly expressed in muscle, heart, brain, and adipose tissue. FATP1 was shown to facilitate fatty acid incorporation into triacylglycerol, with its expression influenced by insulin and PPAR ligands. In transgenic mice, FATP1 overexpression in the heart led to lipotoxic cardiomyopathy, while knockout mice exhibited altered lipid metabolism. The research highlighted the complexity of lipid metabolism and the need for further studies to clarify the roles of these enzymes in metabolic processes.