Traditional Strategies and Cutting-Edge Technologies Used for Animal Breeding: A Comprehensive Review

The review discusses the evolution of animal breeding techniques, highlighting the shift from traditional methods like selective breeding to advanced technologies such as gene editing (GE). Traditional breeding, including crossbreeding and mutation breeding, has been instrumental in developing high-quality agricultural animals but is often inefficient and time-consuming. In contrast, GE offers a more precise and efficient approach to modifying specific genes, allowing for the creation of animals with desirable traits such as improved yield, nutritional profiles, disease resistance, and animal welfare. The article emphasizes that GE represents the present and future of innovation in animal production, addressing both the potential and limitations of these technologies in farm animal breeding.