Preparation and Evaluation of a Multimodal Minoxidil Microemulsion Versus Minoxidil Alone in the Treatment of Androgenic Alopecia of Mixed Etiology: A Pilot Study

In this 32-week pilot study involving 32 men aged 18-30 years, a multimodal microemulsion containing minoxidil, diclofenac, and tea tree oil (formulation A) was compared to minoxidil alone (formulation B) and a placebo (formulation C) for treating androgenic alopecia. Formulation A significantly outperformed formulations B and C in increasing mean hair count, weight, and thickness (P < 0.001 for hair count and weight, P < 0.05 for thickness). Patient self-assessments and photographic evaluations confirmed these findings, showing improved hair growth and appearance with no significant side effects. Additionally, formulation A demonstrated consistent physical stability over 24 months. The study concluded that the multimodal microemulsion was superior in stability, safety, and efficacy, providing an earlier response in treating androgenic alopecia compared to minoxidil alone.