Matrix Effects And Application Of Matrix Effect Factor

The document discussed the challenges of matrix effects in LC-MS analysis, particularly with ESI, which could cause ion suppression or enhancement, affecting analytical performance. It introduced the matrix effect factor (MEF) using stable isotopically labeled internal standards (SIL-ISs) to compensate for these effects. The article reviewed various methods to evaluate and minimize matrix effects, such as postcolumn infusion and postextraction addition protocols, and strategies like optimizing sample preparation, selecting appropriate ion sources, and using internal standards. The authors emphasized that while matrix effects could not be completely avoided, they could be managed through a combination of techniques tailored to specific applications.