<i>Nyctanthes arbor-tristis</i> Linn.: comprehensive insights into its medicinal, phytochemical and safety profiles

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn., known as the 'Tree of Sadness', is used in various traditional medicine systems to treat conditions like hair loss, ulcers, and liver diseases. The plant exhibits anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and wound healing properties, attributed to its bioactive components such as alkaloids and flavonoids. This review compiles data from multiple scientific sources to provide a comprehensive overview of its pharmacological activities, phytochemical properties, and safety profiles. It suggests future research should focus on isolating bioactive compounds, understanding their mechanisms, assessing safety, and exploring drug synergy.