Therapeutic Role of Garlic Chives (Allium Tuberosum) in Human Diseases: Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Future Directions

Allium tuberosum, commonly known as Chinese or Garlic chives, is a plant with significant nutritional and medicinal value due to its rich phytochemical content, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and vitamins. It has been traditionally used for its therapeutic properties, acting as an antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, and anticoagulant agent, among others. The plant's compounds, such as allyltrisulfide and amino-styrene-acrylic acid, exhibit antifungal and anticoagulant activities, respectively. Additionally, it aids in muscle cell proliferation in sarcopenia, cures liver dysfunction, and reduces cholesterol. Its roots and seeds are used to treat gastric ulcers, indigestion, and toothaches, while its volatile components serve as perfumes and insect repellents. The chapter highlights the potential of A. tuberosum in drug development due to its diverse medicinal roles.